Since we are going to deal with the plurals of nouns, which are obviously in the nominative case, this grammar topic is actually a subset of Declensions. Konkani nouns in our vocabulary list are going to include four principal parts: the nominative singular, singular flex stem, nominative plural and the plural flex stem. In this section we are going to deal with the third principal parts of nouns, viz., the nominative plural. Thus we are giving this topic a special treatment because of its importance. However, today we shall restrict ourselves to masculine nouns only.
1. Masculine nouns that end in o
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, form their plural by changing the o into e.
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These are the most regular masculine nouns.
Examples:
ghoddo
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(horse) becomes
ghodde Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(horses), chedd
o Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(boy) becomes
chedde Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(boys).
Sometimes, however, the change in the vowel (from o to e) may be accompanied by a change in the preceding consonant as well. This happens in three cases:
a) when the preceding consonant is an s
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which changes to
x Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
and
b) when the preceding consonant is a
z Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
which changes to
j.Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
Examples:
a) The plural of kollso
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(= a water pot) is
kollxe;
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the plural of
sonso Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(rabbit) is
sonxe. Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
b) The plural of bhozo
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(=
bhuja or
pakoda) is
bhoje.
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There is a third case wherein while the preceding consonant remains the same as far as the spelling is concerned, the sound of that consonant changes.
Example:
Mocho
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(shoe) changes to
moche.Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
2. Masculine nouns whose last vowel is either an ê
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or an
ô Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
form their plurals by opening out the last vowel, i.e. ê Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
becomes
e,Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
while
ô Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
changes to
o.Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
Examples:
Khêll
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(sports, game) becomes
khell Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
,
vôdd Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(banyan tree) changes to
vodd Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
and
fatôr Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(stone) forms its plural by changing into
fator.
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Exception:
xêtt Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(goldsmith) does not change its form in the plural.
3. All other masculine nouns retain the same form in the (nominative) plural.
Examples:
the words raza
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(king),
razu Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(rope),
kantt Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode.
(edge) remain unchanged in the plural.
